Counter-Sanctions Measures of Iran and Venezuela to Overcome Restrictions on Oil Exports

Authors

  • Vladimir Nicolaevich Zhivalov Russian Foreign Trade Academy
  • Valery Leonidovich Abramov Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.24412/2072-8042-2023-12-75-86

Keywords:

sanctions, counter-sanctions measures, export, import, foreign economic activity, state budget, Iran, Venezuela, USA

Abstract

The relevance of the article is determined by the unprecedented sanctions imposed against Russia by the United States, EU countries, and a number of other unfriendly countries, which have significantly changed the conditions for conducting foreign economic activity for Russian business entities. The article analyzes the counter-sanctions measures used by Iran and Venezuela, whose revenues from oil exports make up a large share of the state budget. The obtained results could be used in the practice of Russian companies to overcome sanctions restrictions.

Author Biographies

Vladimir Nicolaevich Zhivalov, Russian Foreign Trade Academy

Doctor of Economic Sciences,

Analyst of the Center for Socio-Political Studies of the Institute for the Development of Integration Processes

Valery Leonidovich Abramov, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation

Doctor of Economic Sciences,

Chief Researcher at the Institute for International Economic Relations Research,

Professor at the Department of World Economy and World Finance

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Published

2023-12-25 — Updated on 2026-04-17

Versions

How to Cite

Zhivalov, V. N., & Abramov, V. L. (2026). Counter-Sanctions Measures of Iran and Venezuela to Overcome Restrictions on Oil Exports . Russian Foreign Economic Journal, (12), 75–86. https://doi.org/10.24412/2072-8042-2023-12-75-86 (Original work published December 25, 2023)

Issue

No. 12 (2023)

Section

International trade

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Russian Foreign Economic Journal

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

This work is licensed under CC BY-NC 4.0 

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