An Approach to Evaluating the Effectiveness of Modernizing Russian Border Crossing Points

Abstract

The article assesses the effectiveness of modernizing Russia's border crossing points (BCPs) under sanctions pressure and the radical reorientation of foreign trade flows to Eastern and Southern directions since 2022. Key challenges are identified: chronic BCP overcapacity, technological infrastructure gaps, personnel shortages, financial constraints, and the need for new procedures. The primary limitation for systematically evaluating large-scale modernization efforts (SMP/NSM ITC infrastructure, e-CMR/navigation seals digitalization, risk-based control) is the lack of detailed empirical data at the BCP level. In response, a conceptual evaluation framework based on Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) is developed: idle time, throughput capacity, transactional costs, automation rate, security compliance. The main conclusion emphasizes the critical need for a national KPI monitoring system. Practical recommendations include its implementation, enhanced EAEU coordination, workforce development, prioritizing end-to-end digital solutions, and diversifying funding to reduce logistics costs and enhance foreign trade resilience.