Problems and prospects for Russian energy exports under sanctions

Abstract

The paper examines the main trends in the development of Russian energy exports for the period 2013-2023 years. An analysis of the country's position in global energy markets has shown that Russia plays a leading role in ensuring global energy security, being one of the largest suppliers of crude oil, natural gas and coal in the world. Western sanctions against the country's energy sector had a significant impact not only on the dynamics and structure of Russian foreign trade in energy resources, but also caused serious changes in the world fuel and raw materials markets. It was found that the country's gas exports experienced the greatest negative impact due to the loss of a significant part of the European market, while supplies of crude oil and coal were redirected to other countries. The main stages and directions of adaptation of the Russian energy sector to sanctions are explored, and some recommendations are offered to improve its sustainability in the new geo-economic conditions.