Export Orientation as an Indicator of Overcoming Russia’s Engineering Import Dependency

Abstract

Amid heavy dependency of Russia’s economy on imported machinery, equipment and vehicles, some regional cases of export specialization or movement towards it are identified. Statistical methods for analyzing data on machines in the 2010s were used: calculation of the share of imports in consumption; calculation of the ratio of imports and exports to domestic production of the country and regions. It is revealed that reduction of import dependency was observed immediately after the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions and intensification of import substitution efforts in 2015-2016. The areas for facilitating import substitution and export specialization are proposed.