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<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Archiving and Interchange DTD with OASIS Tables with MathML3 v1.4 20241031//EN" "https://jats.nlm.nih.gov/archiving/1.4/JATS-archive-oasis-article1-4-mathml3.dtd">
<article xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" dtd-version="1.4" article-type="research-article" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Российский внешнеэкономический вестник</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2072-8042</issn></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24412/2072-8042-2025-6-106-116</article-id><article-categories><subj-group><subject>Other</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title xml:lang="ru">Гармонизированная система описания и кодирования товаров как международный инструмент по сокращению пластикового загрязнения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System as an International Tool to Reduce Plastic Pollution</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Андреева</surname><given-names>Елена Ислямовна</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Andreeva</surname><given-names>Elena Islyamovna</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff1"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff2"/><email>e.andreeva5@customs-academy.ru</email></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name-alternatives><name xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лысенчук</surname><given-names>Вадим Геннадьевич</given-names></name><name xml:lang="en"><surname>Lysenchuk</surname><given-names>Vadim Gennad’evich</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff3"/><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff4"/><email>vlysenchuk@mail.ru</email></contrib><aff-alternatives id="aff1"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Russian Customs Academy (Lyubertsy, Russia)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff2"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">Российская таможенная академия (Люберцы, Россия)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff3"><aff><institution xml:lang="en">Zvezda Shipbuilding Complex “New Customs Company” LLC (Bolshoy Kamen, Russia)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff4"><aff><institution xml:lang="ru">ООО «Судостроительный комплекс «Звезда» (Большой Камень, Россия)</institution></aff></aff-alternatives></contrib-group><pub-date pub-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2025-07-08"><day>08</day><month>07</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><issue>6</issue><fpage>106</fpage><lpage>116</lpage><permissions><license xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/" xlink:title="CC BY-NC 4.0"><ali:license_ref>https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/</ali:license_ref><license-p xml:lang="ru">CC BY-NC 4.0</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://journal.vavt.ru/rfej/article/view/2724" xlink:title="https://journal.vavt.ru/rfej/article/view/2724">https://journal.vavt.ru/rfej/article/view/2724</self-uri><self-uri content-type="pdf" xlink:href="publication-a7672cf1-7812-4016-a8be-232077091067.pdf" xlink:title="PDF"/><abstract xml:lang="ru"><p>В статье рассматриваются проблемы, связанные с мониторингом международной торговли товарами из пластика на каждом из этапов его жизненного цикла. Установлено, что Номенклатура Гармонизированной системы описания и кодирования товаров 2022 года ограничивает возможность на международном уровне устанавливать разграничения между товарами с учетом наличия химических веществ с высокой степенью негативного влияния на окружающую среду и здоровье человека, которые присутствуют в пластике, в том числе, в конечных изделиях из пластика и отходах. Обоснованы предложения по внесению изменений в данную номенклатуру с целью приведения ее в соответствие с Базельской конвенцией о контроле за трансграничной перевозкой опасных отходов и их удалением. Проанализированы основные ограничения действующей редакции номенклатуры при классификации пластиковых товаров и предложены направления ее совершенствования путем добавления новых субпозиций и детализации имеющихся с учетом вида тары (полиэтиленовая, пролипропиленовая, полиэтилентерефталатовая, из других материалов), где критерием для разграничения группировок будет ее состав и способ производства. Обоснована необходимость внесения изменений и дополнений в примечания к группе 39 номенклатуры с целью содействия снижению пластикового загрязнения.</p></abstract><abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="summary"><p>The article examines the challenges associated with monitoring international trade in plastic goods at each stage of its life cycle. It finds that the 2022 Harmonized Commodity Description and Coding System Nomenclature (HS) lacks the granularity needed to distinguish between products based on their content of environmentally and health-hazardous chemicals present in plastics, including finished plastic goods and waste. Proposals to amend this nomenclature are substantiated in order to bring it into compliance with the Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Wastes and Their Disposal. The key limitations in the current HS classification of plastic goods are analyzed, and the following recommendations for improvement in this field are proposed: adding new subheadings to differentiate packaging types (polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, other materials); enhanced classification criteria based on material composition and production methods; amendments to section Notes for HS Group 39 to better address plastic pollution concerns.</p></abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ГАРМОНИЗИРОВАННАЯ СИСТЕМА ОПИСАНИЯ И КОДИРОВАНИЯ ТОВАРОВ,</kwd><kwd>НОМЕНКЛАТУРА,</kwd><kwd>ПЛАСТИКОВОЕ ЗАГРЯЗНЕНИЕ,</kwd><kwd>БАЗЕЛЬСКАЯ КОНВЕНЦИЯ,</kwd><kwd>КЛАССИФИКАЦИЯ,</kwd><kwd>КОНТРОЛЬ,</kwd><kwd>ЭКОЛОГИЯ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HARMONIZED SYSTEM FOR DESCRIBING AND CODING GOODS,</kwd><kwd>NOMENCLATURE,</kwd><kwd>PLASTIC POLLUTION,</kwd><kwd>BASEL CONVENTION,</kwd><kwd>CLASSIFICATION,</kwd><kwd>CONTROL,</kwd><kwd>ECOLOGY</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><ref id="ref1"><mixed-citation publication-type="other" xml:lang="ru">Соколов Ю.И. 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